Lignocellulosic Biomass Processes#
The cellulosic module contains units and systems specific to lignocellulosic biomass processing. Various pretreatment and fermentation systems are available for users to plug and play.
Getting Started#
One full biorefinery configuration is available in this module, a corn stover biorefinery design for the production of cellulosic ethanol. With the exception of the on-site enzyme production, this configuration follows all assumptions from a study by Humbird et. al. executed with Aspen plus [1]. In contrast to the original report by Humbird et al., the cellulase mixture is bought at the same concentration of 50 g·L–1 and at a price of 0.424 $·kg–1, which is the back-calculated cost of on-site enzyme production as reported in the benchmark study. Please checkout the original BioSTEAM manuscript [2] for additional details.
>>> from biorefineries import cellulosic
>>> cs = cellulosic.Biorefinery('corn stover ethanol')
>>> cs.chemicals # All chemicals used by the biorefinery.
CompiledChemicals([Water, Ethanol, AceticAcid, Furfural, Glycerol, H2SO4, LacticAcid, SuccinicAcid, P4O10, HNO3, Denaturant, DAP, AmmoniumAcetate, AmmoniumSulfate, NaNO3, Oil, HMF, N2, NH3, O2, CH4, H2S, SO2, CO2, NO2, NO, CO, Glucose, Xylose, Sucrose, CaSO4, Mannose, Galactose, Arabinose, CellulaseNutrients, Extract, Acetate, Tar, CaO, Ash, NaOH, Lignin, SolubleLignin, GlucoseOligomer, GalactoseOligomer, MannoseOligomer, XyloseOligomer, ArabinoseOligomer, Z_mobilis, T_reesei, Biomass, Cellulose, Protein, Enzyme, Glucan, Xylan, Xylitol, Cellobiose, CSL, DenaturedEnzyme, Arabinan, Mannan, Galactan, WWTsludge, Cellulase])
>>> cs.cornstover_sys.show() # The main biorefinery system
System: cornstover_sys
ins...
[0] cornstover
phase: 'l', T: 298.15 K, P: 101325 Pa
flow (kmol/hr): Water 1.17e+03
Sucrose 1.9
Extract 68.5
Acetate 25.4
Ash 4.16e+03
Lignin 87.3
Protein 114
...
[1] denaturant
phase: 'l', T: 298.15 K, P: 101325 Pa
flow (kmol/hr): Denaturant 4.14
outs...
[0] ethanol
phase: 'l', T: 339.28 K, P: 101325 Pa
flow (kmol/hr): Water 9.84
Ethanol 463
Denaturant 4.14
>>> cs.cornstover_tea.show() # The TEA object
CellulosicEthanolTEA: cornstover_sys
NPV: -190,889 USD at 10.0% IRR
>>> cs.flowsheet # The complete flowsheet
<Flowsheet: cornstover>
>>> cs.R303.show() # Any unit operations and streams can be accessed
SaccharificationAndCoFermentation: R303
ins...
[0] slurry from ContinuousPresaccharification-R301
phase: 'l', T: 321.15 K, P: 101325 Pa
flow (kmol/hr): Water 1.9e+04
AceticAcid 19.5
Furfural 2.67
AmmoniumSulfate 18.3
HMF 2.45
Glucose 19.9
Xylose 112
...
[1] s23 from SeedHoldTank-T301
phase: 'l', T: 305.15 K, P: 101325 Pa
flow (kmol/hr): Water 1.89e+03
Ethanol 44.9
AceticAcid 1.95
Furfural 0.267
Glycerol 0.189
SuccinicAcid 0.368
DAP 0.0825
...
[2] CSL2 from MockSplitter-S302
phase: 'l', T: 298.15 K, P: 101325 Pa
flow (kmol/hr): CSL 28.9
[3] DAP2 from MockSplitter-S301
phase: 'l', T: 298.15 K, P: 101325 Pa
flow (kmol/hr): DAP 1.04
outs...
[0] s24 to Mixer-M304
phase: 'g', T: 305.15 K, P: 101325 Pa
flow (kmol/hr): Water 15.3
Ethanol 3.95
AceticAcid 0.0306
Furfural 0.0134
Glycerol 1.52e-07
LacticAcid 9.36e-06
SuccinicAcid 2.47e-08
...
[1] s25 to Mixer-M401
phase: 'l', T: 305.15 K, P: 101325 Pa
flow (kmol/hr): Water 1.89e+04
Ethanol 459
AceticAcid 19.5
Furfural 2.66
Glycerol 1.85
LacticAcid 18.4
SuccinicAcid 3.61
...
[2] s20 to SeedTrain-R302
phase: 'l', T: 321.15 K, P: 101325 Pa
flow (kmol/hr): Water 1.89e+03
AceticAcid 1.95
Furfural 0.267
AmmoniumSulfate 1.83
HMF 0.245
Glucose 16.6
Xylose 11.2
...